AFSK
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Audio Frequency Shift Keying
System in which two unrelated audio tones – commonly called mark
and space – are used to represent the digital values '0' and '1'
in order to send digital data over an analogue medium. AFSK is typically used
with MODEMs. In telephony, it was also used for passing signalling data
(such as caller ID) over a telephone line.
➤ Wikipedia
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BDI
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Black Digital Interface
Digital interface at the non-secure side of a crypto telephone.
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DRSN
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Defense Red Switch Network
Military digital 2-wire secure/non-secure switched telephone network,
used by the US DoD, POTUS, the US National Military Command Center
(NMCC), NATO and several others. Replaced in 2011 by IP networks.
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➤ Wikipedia
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DTMF
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Dual-Tone Multi-Frequency
Telecommunications signalling system, used to pass numbers over
analogue telephone lines, using voice-band (dual) tones. In the US
also known under the Bell Systems trademark Touch-Tone.
In the UK
also known as MF4.
Typically used in (analogue) push-button dialling telephones.
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➤ Wikipedia
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ETSI
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European Telecommunications Standards Institute
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GSM
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Global System for Mobile communication
Initially known as Groupe Spécial Mobile (French).
Digital mobile communication standard developed by the European
Telecommunications Standards Institue (ETSI), used in the first worldwide
digital mobile networks. Also known as 2G (second generation).
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IDK
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Impuls Druktoets Keuze Pulse
Dutch expression for impulse-based dialling systems.
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IP
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Internet Protocol
Network layer communications protocol in the Internet protocol suite,
for relaying datagrams across network boundaries.
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ISDN
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Integrated Services Digital Network
Set of communication standards for simultaneous digital transmission of
voice, video, data and other network services over the digitalised circuits
of the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN).
Developed by Bell Labs between 1980 and 1988 with the intention to replace
POTS, it was superceeded by faster IP-based standards soon after its
introduction.
➤ Wikipedia
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Loop disconnect
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Pulse dialling
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MF4
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Multi Frequency 4 DTMF
UK name for Dual-Tone Multi-Frequency signalling (DTMF).
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MRCELP
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Modified Residual Code Exited Linear Prediction
High-quality low-bitrate speech digitiser, used for encrypted voice
connections over regluar analogue lines. Improved variant of MELP
and MELPe, that produces better results at 9600 baud.
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PABX
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Private Automatic Branch Exchange
Automatically switched in-house (on-premises) telephone exchange.
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PBX
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Private Branch Exchange
In-house (on-premises) telephone exchange.
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POTS
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Plain Old Telephone System
Old analogue telephone system with copper subscriber lines.
Also known as Plain Old Telephone Service.
➤ Wikipedia
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PSTN
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Public Switched Telephone Network
Generic expression for a network of switched voice-grade communication links.
It is often used to identify a Plain Old Telephone System (POTS), but
can also be used for ISDN and IP-based networks.
➤ Examples
➤ Wikipedia
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Pulse
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Pulse dialling
Oldest system for dialling a telephone number over an analogue subscriber
line on automatically switched networks. Works by interupting the line
current at a rate of 10 pulses per second. Also known
as Loop disconnect.
➤ Wikipedia
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SCCP
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Skinny Call Control Protocol
Developed by Cisco.
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SIP
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Session Initiation Protocol
Digital signalling protocol for IP-based networks, commonly used with the
Voice-over-IP (VoIP) communications standard.
➤ Wikipedia
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TDK
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Toon Druktoets Keuze
Dutch expression for DTMF-based dialling systems.
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Touch Tone
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DTMF dialling
Bell Labs/AT&T
Trademark for DTMF-based dialling systems (US).
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UMTS
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Universal Mobile Telecommunications System
Third generation (3G) mobile cellular system for networks based on the
GSM standards. Developed and maintained by the 3GPP.
➤ Wikipedia
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VoIP
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Voice over Internet Protocol
Digital protocol for voice communications over IP-based networks.
Most VoIP network use out-of-band signalling by means of the Session
Initiation Protocol (SIP).
➤ Wikipedia
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